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Getting Started with XML Schema in the Tree View

This section provides a quick tour of the main features of the Tree view in the XML Schema Editor. It provides instructions that you can follow to define a simple XML Schema.

This section provides step-by-step instructions for defining the bookstoreTree.xsd XML Schema document. You should perform the steps in each topic in the order of the topics. This section covers the following topics:

For instructions for using the Diagram view to define the same XML Schema, see Defining an XML Schema Using the Diagram Tab - Getting Started.

Description of Sample XML Schema

Suppose you want to define an XML Schema that defines book, magazine, and newsletter elements. The type of each of these elements is PublicationType. The XML Schema defines the PublicationType complexType. An element that is a PublicationType contains the following:

  • The genre attribute specifies the style of the publication.
  • There is always exactly one title element.
  • The subtitle element is optional.
  • There must be at least one author element and there can be more. Each author element contains one first-name element and one last-name element.
  • Of the following three elements, exactly one must always be present:
    • ISBNnumber
    • PUBnumber
    • LOCnumber
  • The elements must be in the order specified in this list.

Tips for Adding Nodes

To add a node to an XML Schema in the Tree view, click a node that is already in the schema. Stylus Studio activates the buttons for only those nodes that can be children of the node you selected. If you hold down the Shift key, Stylus Studio activates only those buttons that allow you to add nodes that can be siblings of the selected node.

Defining a complexType in a Sample XML Schema in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

The steps for defining the PublicationType complexType are described in the following sections:

Defining the Name of the Sample complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

To define a complex type in the sample XML Schema:
1. From the Stylus Studio menu bar, select File > New > XML Schema.

Stylus Studio displays the XML Schema Editor.

2. At the bottom of the XML Schema Editor, click the Tree tab.

Stylus Studio displays the Tree view of the schema, and the Properties window, which lists the properties for the selected node in the tree.

3. Click the Schema node .
4. In the left tool bar, click New complexType .

Stylus Studio displays a field for the new complexType.

5. Type PublicationType as the name for this new complexType and press Enter.
6. Click Save .
7. In the Save dialog box that appears, in the URL field, type bookstoreTree.xsd, and click Save.

Adding an Attribute to a Sample complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

To add the genre attribute to the PublicationType complex type:
1. In the Tree view, click the PublicationType node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New Attribute Definition .

In the Tree view, Stylus Studio displays a field for the new attribute.

3. Type genre as the name of the new attribute and press Enter.

Stylus Studio displays a drop-down list of built-in simpleTypes.

4. Double-click xsd:string.

Adding Elements to a Sample complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

To add the title element, which must appear exactly once, to the PublicationType complex type:
1. In the Tree view, click the PublicationType node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New Model Group .

Stylus Studio displays a drop-down list of group modifiers.

3. Double-click the sequence modifier.

The sequence modifier indicates that an instance document contains zero, one, or more of each child element in the order in which they are defined.

4. In the left tool bar, click New Element Definition .

In the Tree view, Stylus Studio displays a field for the new element definition.

5. Type title as the name of the new element and press Enter.

Stylus Studio displays a drop-down list of built-in simpleTypes.

6. Double-click xsd:string.

Adding Optional Elements to a Sample complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

To add the optional subtitle element to the PublicationType complex type:
1. In the Tree view, click the sequence node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New Element Definition .

In the Tree view, Stylus Studio displays a field for the new element definition.

3. Type subtitle as the name of the new element and press Enter.

Stylus Studio displays a drop-down list of built-in simpleTypes.

4. Double-click xsd:string.
5. In the Properties window, double-click the Min Occur. field.
6. Type 0 and press Enter
7. In the Properties window, double-click the Max Occur. field.
8. Type 1 and press Enter.

Adding an Element That Contains Subelements to a complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

The PublicationType complexType must include at least one author element. An author element must include a first-name element and a last-name element.

Each element that can contain subelements is a complexType. Consequently, to add the author element to the PublicationType complexType, you must first define the authorType complexType. You can then add an element that is of authorType to the PublicationType complexType.

To define the authorType complex type:
1. In the XML Schema Editor, click the Schema node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New complexType .

Stylus Studio displays a field for the new complexType.

3. Type authorType as the name for this new complexType and press Enter.
4. In the left tool bar, click New Model Group .
5. In the drop-down list that appears, double-click the sequence modifier.
6. In the left tool bar, click New Element Definition .
7. In the field that Stylus Studio displays, type first-name as the name of the new element and press Enter.
8. In the drop-down list that appears, double-click xsd:string.
9. In the Tree view, click the sequence modifier for authorType.
10. Repeat step 6 through step 8, but type last-name as the name of the new element.
Now you can add the author element to the PublicationType complex type:
1. In the Tree view, click the sequence node under the PublicationType node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New Element Definition .
3. In the field that Stylus Studio displays, type author as the name of the new element and press Enter.
4. In the drop-down list that appears, double-click authorType.
5. In the Properties window, double-click in the Min Occur. field.
6. Type 1 and press Enter.
7. In the Properties window, double-click in the Max Occur. field.
8. Type unbounded in the Max Occur. field and press Enter.

Choosing the Element to Include in the Sample complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

In the sample XML Schema, you want PublicationType elements to contain an ISBNnumber, PUBnumber, or LOCnumber element.

To specify this:
1. In the Tree view, under the PublicationType node, click the sequence node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New Model Group .
3. In the drop-down list that appears, double-click the choice modifier.
4. In the left tool bar, click New Element Definition .
5. In the field that Stylus Studio displays, type ISBNnumber as the name of the new element and press Enter.
6. In the drop-down list that appears, scroll until you can double-click xsd:integer, or type xsd:integer and press Enter.
7. In the Tree view, click the choice modifier for PublicationType.
8. Repeat step 4 through step 7 two more times. Once for the PUBnumber element and once for the LOCnumber element.
9. Click Save .

Stylus Studio displays a message that indicates that the schema is not valid. Click OK in the error box. In the Output Window, you can see the following message: 

Validating bookstoreTree.xsd...
               
file://c:\yourDirectory\bookstoreTree.xsd:6,45: 
               
Invalid child 'sequence' in the complexType
               
The XML document bookstoreTree.xsd is NOT valid (1 errors)

The problem is that there is a sequence element after an attribute element. The sequence element must come first.

10. Right-click the genre node.
11. In the pop-up menu that appears, click Move Down.
12. Click Validate Document and Save .

The definition of the PublicationType complexType is now complete and the schema is now valid.

Defining Elements of the Sample complexType in the Tree View

This topic is part of a sequence that begins with Description of Sample XML Schema.

To define the book, magazine, and newsletter elements in the sample XML Schema:
1. In the Tree tab, click the Schema node.
2. In the left tool bar, click New Element Definition .
3. In the field that Stylus Studio displays, type book as the name of the new element and press Enter.
4. In the drop-down list that appears, double-click PublicationType.
5. Repeat step 1 through step 4 two more times. Once for the magazine element and once for the newsletter element.
6. Click Save .

This is the end of the section that provides instructions for getting started with defining XML Schemas in the Tree view. The topics that follow this topic provide complete information for defining the elements that can be in an XML Schema and for working in the Diagram, Tree, and Text views.

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