The characters E2 80 99 are the UTF-8 encoding of the Unicode character
RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK.

Simply changing the ISO-8859-1 in your XML file to UTF-8 should fix this.

On 11 October 2016 at 21:00, Bridger Dyson-Smith bdysonsmith@xxxxxxxxx
<mailto:bdysonsmith@xxxxxxxxx> <xsl-list-service@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
<mailto:xsl-list-service@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>> wrote:

Hi all,

    I'm struggling with a character encoding issue (or a character
    representation issue maybe?): I have input XML that looks like this

    input.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
    <documents>
    <document>The reality of the effect of natural ventilation in a
    residential attic cavity has been the topic of many debates and
    scholarly reports since the 1930C"b,b"s.</document>
    </documents>

    and I would like to get it to a point where the characters are
    represented properly, i.e.

    output.xml
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <documents>
    <document>The reality of the effect of natural ventilation in a
    residential attic cavity has been the topic of many debates and
    scholarly reports since the 1930bs.</document>
    </documents>

    Thanks to Liam's help on irc and reading through the list archives,
    it seems like an identity transform should be the right step towards
    getting the representation corrected, but something isn't working
    (or I have a misunderstanding somewhere).

    If I apply the following identity transform with Saxon HE 9.6.0.7 in
    oXygen 18:
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform
    <http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform>"
    version="2.0">
    <xsl:output encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/>
    <xsl:template match="/"><xsl:copy-of select="/"/></xsl:template>
    </xsl:stylesheet>

    I get the following result:
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <documents>
     <document>The reality of the effect of natural ventilation in a
    residential attic cavity has been the topic of many debates and
    scholarly reports since the 1930C"&#x80;&#x99;s.</document>
    </documents>

    Could someone provide some insight into what I've done wrong here?
    Any help would be greatly appreciated.

    Best,
    Bridger

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