The first case, <when
   test="//author[generate-id(.)=$id]">, has a path
   expression returning the node-set consisting of any
   author element having an identifier equal to the current
   node's identifier. Therefore, if the current node
   happens to be an author, the node-set returned will be
   non-empty, which converts to a true boolean value. 

isnt this just self::author  ?

David

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