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On 4 December 2013 19:32, <cbullard@h...> wrote: Or... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_D%C3%B6nitz <<German doctrine at the time, based on the work of American Admiral Alfred Mahan
and shared by all major navies, called for submarines to be integrated
with surface fleets and employed against enemy warships. By November
1937, Dönitz became convinced that a major campaign against merchant
shipping was practicable and began pressing for the conversion of the
German fleet almost entirely to U-boats.[5]
He advocated a strategy of attacking only merchant ships, targets
relatively safe to attack. He pointed out that destroying Britain's
fleet of oil tankers would starve the Royal Navy
of supplies needed to run its ships, which would be just as effective
as sinking them. He thought a German fleet of 300 of the newer Type VII U-boats could knock Britain out of the war>> The germans not only had submarines, but had the right idea (attack civil ships) to use them. You can have very good technology, and apply it poorly... apply it with old ideas, that don't result on all you can get with that new piece of tech. Dönitz was the architect of the german submarine strategy. He took a technology, and shaped it for a purpose, where it would be effective, ignoring other people ideas and actually designing for success.
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