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Tested two I was interested in with MSXML4, XMLSpy 4.4 and Expat 1.95.6:

> | <!ENTITY % pe "x 'value'">
> | <!ENTITY % %pe;>

Accepted by Expat.

Rejected by 
- MSXML: "Whitespace is not allowed at this location"
- XMLSpy: "Name expected"
  (instead of %pe;)


> | Assuming that it is possible to declare a PE named 'percent' with a 
> | literal '%', is the following allowed?
> | 
> | <!ENTITY %percent; x "value">
> 
> Permissible in SGML - should be okay in XML.

Accepted by MSXML4.

Rejected by 
- Expat: "Unclosed token" 
  (it seems Expat considers % followed by a name one token)
- XML Spy: "white space expected" 
  (after % in "%percent;") 

However, this one was accepted by both, MSXML and Expat
(still rejected by XMLSpy with same reason):

<!ENTITY % percent "&#37; y">
<!ENTITY %percent; "value">

Karl




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